In every discussion about Colorado’s housing affordability crisis, the discussion often focuses on the ill effects of construction defect litigation. While that issue certainly affects the supply of attainable for-sale housing, particularly condominiums and townhomes, it is far from the only factor driving up the cost of housing in the Denver Metro area.

A new study from the Home Builders Association of Metro Denver (HBA), Development Fee Study: Executive Summary (June 2025), sheds light on another major obstacle to affordability: the staggering fees imposed by local governments before a single shovel of dirt is turned. These costs, often exceeding $60,000 per home, raise the price of new housing and make “attainable” homeownership ever more elusive.